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Sanguinarine also Transmitted Through Milk

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The detection techniques deve­loped later in London showed that the milk of goats fed on argemone leaves contained sanguinarine and other alkaloids. This transmission experiment was repeated in London on a group of lactating rabbits that were injected with sanguinarine and subsequently milked. Sanguinarine was detected from several, even 1 ml, samples of such milk. The rabbit milk also showed a green fluoresc­ing metabolite of sanguinarine which was found to be identical with synthetically prepared benz­(c)acridine, the metabolic conversion taking place in the liver (Hakim et al., 1961 b). As benz(c)acridine has the basic molecular structure of a series of the most virulent of ex­perimental carcinogenic hydrocar­bons, according to Prof. Lacassagne from the Radium Institute at Paris, I applied both sanguinarine and benz(c)acridine on the skin of a group of mice, using his method. I also implanted paraffin pellets containing these substances into the bladder of rats, and found after several months that both substances produced, papillomas and carcino­mas in mice and rats. The goat and rabbit experiments clearly proved that lactating animals if fed on sanguinarine-containing plants, could transmit glaucoma-inducing sanguinarine and cancer-inducing benz(c)acridine in their milk.





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